Melasma, also known as cholasma, is characterized by irregular patches of dark skin on the face. These tan or brown patches usually occur symmetrically on the cheeks, upper lip, nose, or forehead. The symmetry of melasma distinguishes it from other conditions that cause darkening of the skin.
Fraxel
Laser
receives
FDA
clearance
for
treatment
of Melasma
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Technologies
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Melasma is a common condition and is found more often in women. Those with darker skin types (including Indians, Hispanics, Middle-Easterners, and North Africans) are more prone to melasma than those with lighter complexions.
Within a patch of melasma, pigment producing cells (called melanocytes) are increased in number and each melanocyte produces more pigment (called melanin). Increased melanin in the skin leads to the tan or brown coloration.
The cause of melasma is not fully understood. However, genetics, hormonal changes, and sun exposure are known to play important roles. For example, melasma often occurs with pregnancy, hence the term "mask of pregnancy." Oral contraceptives can also trigger melasma.
Although there are some diseases that cause similar changes in the skin, melasma itself has no association with internal disease.
